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Kiteboarding Safety Products by Oceanus Technologies
Kiteboarding safety products by Oceanus Technologies. (PRWEB Jul 13, 2006)
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Free e commerce Suite 0.00
The free version of our e commerce solution from MMK Technologies.
Unlimited Forum Support
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Your Call May Be Recorded…
Here's a fun side effect of the intersection of the Internet, ubiquitous recording technologies and mob mentality - your bad customer service horror stories are no longer limited to retellings around the water cooler. Thanks to blogs, video hosting services like YouTube and folks with a willingness to spread stories, ...
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The MCU contributes to European Commission Social Inclusion Workshop
As a representative of the Making Connections Unit I was invited to Brussels to attend a workshop to discuss how 'Cultural and Memory Organisations' (i.e. Libraries and Museums) can use digital technologies to increase social and economic inclusion. The workshop and research is being carried out by Ecotec Research and Consulting on behalf of the European Commission. I was invited to provide my expertise in relation to accessibility issues.The main objectives of the study are: To identify where cultural and memory organisations (CMOs) already contribute to social and economic inclusion, using digital technologies; and To specify which issues deserve particular attention for new or further research, taking into account the needs of CMOs in a European context and the development of content-based services for all sectors of the community.The study will lead to recommendations for CMOs in Members states and the EU in relation to building new services and applications. Unfortunately, from my point of view, there wasn't much of a focus on how the web could be used to promote social and economic inclusions. Perhaps if there had been more time (a wide range of topics were covered) we could have talked in more detail about the role of the web and the issues of accessibility.If you have any thoughts in relation to this I am happy to pass them along the study (please add your comments below).
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MEMS and Nanotechnology Providing Real Solutions for the Management of Diabetes, Reports Bourne Research
The management of Diabetes is being made easier through the use of next-generation technologies such as MEMS and Nanotechnology. (PRWEB Jul 13, 2006)
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A new channel for JNLP and JWS techs
[2001-04-24] A new meerkat channel is created on the 24th of April 2001 and dedicated to JNLP (Java Network Launching Protocol) and JWS (Java Web Start) technologies.
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Rekon Technologies Launches Online Version of Lien Release Software
Popular Mortgage Lien Release System Rekon now available online. Targets small to mid-size companies. [PRWEB Nov 14, 2005]
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Active Server Pages (ASP), Java Server Pages (JSP), Cold Fusion (CFM) - A comparative analysis
In this article we provide a comparison of 3 server side scripting technologies by detailing the main features of each. We end with a comparison chart that ranks each by ease of use, capability, and costs.
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Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) Activity Statement
The WWW is the universal space containing all Internet resources referenced by Uniform Resource Identifier. The Web is dominated today by relatively few technologies, including the Hypertext Transfer Protocol and the Hypertext Markup Language.
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Introduction to XML Events
A number of markup technologies involve attaching behaviors to specific parts of a document. XML Events is a W3C Recommendation that allows declarative attachment of a behavior -- which can be a predefined bundle of actions defined in XML or a more general call to a scripting language -- to a specific element. This article gives an overview of how XML Events came about, what it's useful for, and how it works.
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What search engines plan for the future
At the recent Wharton Technology Conference in Philadelphia representatives from Google, Yahoo and MSN Search discussed the future of search technologies. The big search engine companies have different ideas on how search engines will change over the next few years.
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How HTML, CSS and JavaScript Work Together in Web Pages
The three main technologies used to create modern web pages (HTML, CSS and JavaScript) each do different jobs. HTML should be used only for structuring content. Hunt, Ben
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Hello World! EAI geeks
Fascinating applications rarely live in isolation. Whether your employee benefits application must interface with your finance application, your procurement application must connect to an auction site, or your java phone must synchronize with your laptop, it seems any application can me made more useful and effective by integrating it with other applications. Now this is how the EAI space was created. And along came technology to solve problems that crept up. One of the technologies was J2EE. No
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Affiliate e commerce Suite 1195.00
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An Introduction to the Web Services Architecture and Its Specifications
This introduction to the Web services architecture describes the design principles underlying the architecture and foundational technologies for Web services. Features are described and linked to the specifications that formally define them. This paper also serves as a reference guide to all the specifications in the architecture.
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UMPC and Tablet PC Application Contest

UMPC and Tablet PC Application Contest

Develop and Win a UMPC

 

Handango is looking for fresh Tablet PC and Ultra-Mobile PC (UMPC) software content. Are you up for the development challenge? By converting your existing Pocket PC or smartphone applications or creating an entirely new title for Tablet PC and UMPC, you’ll be eligible to win one of three Ultra-Mobile PCs! Personal productivity, travel, fitness, medical, multimedia, and entertainment titles are all great fits for Handango's catalog. The contest runs from now until August 31. Start coding!

How to get started:

1. To begin development, please visit the Ultra-Mobile PC Development Quick Start Guide.
2. If you have questions, please visit the MSDN Mobile PC and Tablet PC Developer Center or e-mail mpcisv@microsoft.com.
3. For ways to optimize your UMPC applications for touch and ink, check out Microsoft Sudoku.
4. Test your application in the UMPC Display Emulator.
5. After completing your application and verifying that it’s compatible with Tablet PCs and Ultra-Mobile PCs, e-mail the Handango Tablet PC team to submit your titles.

The deadline for all entries is August 31, 2006.
 
Winners for top personal, media and entertainment, and multimedia and communications applications will be announced in September.

Please contact tabletpc@handango.com if you have questions or need additional details. We look forward to seeing your applications.


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Gift Certificate e commerce Suite 795.00
The standard version of our e commerce solution with the Gift Certificates Plugin from MMK Technologies.
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Marketing e commerce Suite 995.00
The standard version of our e commerce solution with the SpiderLoop Marketing system from MMK Technologies.
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Communication e commerce Suite 595.00
The standard version of our e commerce solution with the Email List Plugin from MMK Technologies.
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Pro e commerce Suite 1495.00
The full e commerce solution from MMK Technologies.
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The HR-govHR Summits 2006 ? Network, Learn from Leaders in the Industry & Explore Proven HR Solutions
These exclusive events offer the senior HR executive from corporate companies and local, state and federal agencies, the unique opportunity to network with peers and explore new technologies through a series of one-on-one meetings, case studies and presentations delivered by distinguished speakers from the Office of Personnel Management, NASD, Wegmans Food Markets and Coca Cola. www.humanresourcessummit.com [PRWEB Nov 10, 2005]
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Saneron ASIA to Utilize Advanced HUCB Stem Cell Technologies in Clinical Trials for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) and Stroke
Saneron?s proprietary human umbilical cord blood (HUCB) stem cell technology will be utilized in Saneron Asia?s two upcoming ALS and Stroke clinical trials.headquartered in Japan. [PRWEB Nov 12, 2005]
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Pro Plus e commerce Suite 1795.00
The full e commerce solution from MMK Technologies With the Affiliate Plugin.
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Self-Cleaning Filter is Key Component in Integrated Paint Drum Filling System -- a Real World Documented Case Study
Hallman Paints in Sun Prairie, Wisconsin installed a new filling system to eliminate extensive set-up times. The new system required the teamwork of RPA Process Technologies and Hallman?s filling machine vendor. Careful consultation and a quality Ronningen-Petter filtering system helped Hallman Paints bring the pieces together for a truly integrated fill line. [PRWEB Nov 13, 2005]
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Mall Portal Pro Plus e commerce Suite 2195.00
The full e commerce solution from MMK Technologies with the Affiliate plugin and the Mall Plugin.
Content Linking Plug in
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IBM Offers Prototype for Building 'Mashup' Apps
Q&A: Rod Smith, vice president of emerging Internet technologies at IBM, talks about a prototype technology built by the company to create so-called mashup applications.


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SOA &amp; Business Process Conference (October 3-6, 2006)

Web Site: http://www.impactevents.com/biztalkconference

Microsoft’s SOA & Business Process Conference is the event for our partners, customers and field personnel to get up to speed on new and updated solutions for Business Process Management (BPM), SOA and Workflow. Over 4 days, attendees will learn about the strategies and technologies that Microsoft is delivering over the next year, such as BizTalk Server, WinFX, and Office 2007. Three technical tracks will provide depth and detail into best practices for building BPM solutions, SOA guidance, and implementing BizTalk Server. A business development track will focus on the business value of BPM for both customers looking to optimize their processes and for partners looking to expand their practices. Whether you need to get up to speed, or are ready to dive deep, this is the event for technical training, networking, and business development for partners and customers interested in BPM, SOA, and Workflow.


Registration

Join Microsoft staff, valued partners, customers and industry thought leaders at the Microsoft Conference Center from October 3-6, 2006. Registration is $199.00, with an early bird discount price of$149.00 if you register by July 21st.


Agenda & Sessions

Each session, meeting, and program event at the Microsoft SOA & Business Process Conference is designed to expand your knowledge of key emerging technologies, demonstrate proven strategies for implementing solution, explain Microsoft’s long-term strategy and roadmap, and add value to your organization’s integration and workflow solution portfolio.


Sponsors & Exhibitors

Over 20 Microsoft partners are expected to showcase their latest solutions and technologies demonstrating their newest innovations- allowing attendees to test-drive key technologies and receive one-on-one, informed answers to questions.
If you are interested in sponsorship, please contact Robert Bannerman at
robann@microsoft.com.


Community & Networking

Beyond the structured sessions, the Microsoft SOA & Business Process Conference will also provide many networking opportunities with people who share your professional interests.  We will be hosting several evening events to help encourage and foster community-building activities between partners, customers, and Microsoft employees.  Throughout the year be sure to check out the community sites to access the most current information.


Instructor Lead Training

Conference sponsor and BizTalk Server training partner, Quicklearn, is offering a series of classes before and after the conference for the convenience of attendees. Furthermore Quicklearn is providing a 35% discount for conference attendees. Use the links below to find out about the specific classes and to register. Make sure to include the discount Registration code: ‘BPI06’ when you register for one of these classes.

9/25-9/29 (5-days) – BizTalk Server 2006 Deep Dive
9/30-10/2 (3-days) – BizTalk Server 2006 - Service Oriented Architectures (SOA)
10/9-10/13 (5-days) – Double Header - Windows Workflow Foundation (WF) & Windows Communication Foundation (WCF)

Web Site: http://www.impactevents.com/biztalkconference

 

 


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MCU: Accessible Web Design Tip: How to make printable characters between adjacent links invisible.
Some older screen readers are unable to distinguish between adjacent links if there is no printable character between them. The W3C Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 1.0 provides a priority 3 checkpoint to deal with this unfortunate behaviour of older screen readers:10.5 Until user agents (including assistive technologies) render adjacent links distinctly, include non-link, printable characters (surrounded by spaces) between adjacent links. The obvious place on a page where you can find several adjacent links to is on a horizontal navigation bar at the top or bottom of a web page. So how do you adhere to this guideline in situations where displaying a printed character in your navigation bar would upset your beautifully crafted design?This weeks tips shows a technique I have used on the Glasgow West End website (http://www.glasgowwestend.co.uk) to make the printable characters separating links invisible, by making them the same colour as the navigation bar background, postcards
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When a link falls at the end of a sentence always put the full stop outside the anchor tag
Consider the World Wide Web Consortium Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG), Checkpoint 10.5:'Until user agents (including assistive technologies) render adjacent links distinctly, include non-link, printable characters (surrounded by spaces) between adjacent links. 'Generally when trying to ensure that my web pages meet this particular requirement I'm thinking about navigation bars; I'm either marking them up as lists, or putting printable characters between adjacent links (if necessary I make them invisible via CSS). Unfortunately that isn't always enough to ensure a clean bill of health with regard to this particular checkpoint. It is easy - particularly on a page that gets updated often - to violate this rule in the bodytext of the page, e.g., when a sentence that ends with a link, is followed by one that begins with a link.The solution is to get into the habit of adding the full stop after the anchor tag; simple but effective. As web accessibility tips go - it's not the most significant one I've ever published. However, having adjacent links without a printable character between them, means your well crafted page won't pass WCAG Priority 1; and someone is bound to get in touch to alert you to that fact.LinksWCAG Checkpoint 10.5.
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RIP FrontPage
After nine years of being an award-winning Web authoring tool, FrontPage will be discontinued in late 2006. We will continue to serve the diverse needs of our existing FrontPage customers with the introduction of two brand-new application building and Web authoring tools using the latest technologies: Office SharePoint Designer 2007 for the enterprise information workers and Expression Web for the professional Web designer. Link >>
Yeah, I know. Most web-heads will read this announcement from Microsoft, let out a snort, and say 'It's about time!'.For me though, it's not without just a bit of sadness and sense of loss that FrontPage goes quietly into the night.You see, I was working as a software developer at a Microsoft Solution Provider when Microsoft first purchased the FrontPage product from Vermeer. As part of our partnership we received beta copies of all the new MS software, including FrontPage. FrontPage was my introduction into the entire world of web development. I mostly learned HTML by creating pages in it, then switching over to see the source code it had created.And yes, I realize it created a lot of junk code, and was the basis for many nasty looking websites - but no more, in my opinion, than Geocities did 6-7 years ago or even MySpace is responsible for today. I still think the way FrontPage would build navigation bars from a flowchart view of a site is pretty nice - although it could have been nicer but MS hadn't updated it for probably 7 of those nine years of production.At any rate, I haven't actively used FrontPage for years now, and the world of web authoring and content management has taken great leaps in terms of functionality and price.But I wouldn't be where - or who - I am today without Microsoft Frontpage, so I truly mean it when I say 'Rest In Peace'.
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Weblog accessibility problems
It hadn't occurred to me, until I started to implement my own weblog system that there could be accessibility problems specific to weblogs - but there are.Here are a couple that I've come across: The text for each link on a pages should be unique; using the terms 'comment' and 'permalink' (or equivilents) to allow visitors to add comment or link to a permanent URL for the entry - means that the page will be peppered with links that use the same link text.Many, but not all weblogs are 'dynamically generated' pages; contents is grabbed from a 'backend' database and displayed within a web page design template. This can mean that URLs contain strange characters such as the ampersand, which triggers an error with HTML standards checkers such as that at the W3c site.As you can see on this site I have made an attempt at solving these problems, so that both 'stupid' accessibility tools won't give me errors, and real human beings will find the link text useful.To make each permanent link unique I have grabbed the first 14 characters from the entry title and made this the link text. To add extra information I have also provided the full title of the weblog entry in the title attribute. The title attribute text also explains that this is a permanent link to this weblog entry. Here is the HTML for the permanent link to this particular weblog entry:[Weblog accessi ...]It was more difficult to come up with a useful way to make the comment link unique, that was more than just a way of 'fooling' Bobby. I decided on the simple tactic of giving the comment link a time stamp, and providing further information in the title attribute about the title of the weblog being commented on. It is probably not ideal, so I'm keen to hear from anyone who can tell me a better way of doing it.Here is the HTML for the comment link:[comment Fri 10 am]I have probably 're-invented the wheel' with this one because I didn't spend any time looking at how, or if, others have solved this same problem. However, I found it an interesting exercise in thinking about the reasons behind having unique text for each link (think of screen reader users tabbing through a host of links all say 'permalink'), and what that meant in terms of how it should be implimented in this case.Dealing with the ampersands in URLsIf you are writing your own weblogging software, dealing with the ampersand problem is easy, you just replace the characters generated by the system with the corresponding entity.If you don't have access to the scripts that create your weblog, I expect this will be a bit more difficult. While reading Jeffrey Zeldman's excellent new book, 'designing with web standards' I did notice he points to a tool that deals with this problem, but right at this moment I can't find it. As soon as I find the solution - never fear - I will post it here.Update:I have now found the tool I was thinking about - it is the The Hivelogic URL Cleaner, which will fix non-valid web addresses, by 'replacing naked ampersands with their symbolic notation'. But it is only useful for URLs that can cut and pasted into the form, so it won't fix the problem of automatically generated non-valid characters - looks like you will have to speak to your weblog developer to get those fixed, if it is a problem on your site.Anyway - after all that - the MCU weblog is tripple A once more.'I hope someone finds these 'musings' useful.New German accessibility portalTomas Caspers got in touch to tell me about a new german accessibility portal:'Jim,we're in the final stages of a major relaunch of the german accessibility portal at http://www.einfach-fuer-alle.de/. And yes, we have an XML-Version :-)The focus of the site is on evangelizing and educating designers, developers and decision makers on web accessibility.More specifically, we just finished a 3 week series on the BITV (Germanys' federal regulation on accessible websites) detailing the provisions and providing best (and worst) practice-examples: http://www.einfach-fuer-alle.de/artikel/bitvfueralle/'This weeks tip: Accessible web design is not about creating boring sitesAccessible websites can look fabulous, be interactive, and use up-to-date multimedia capabilities (e.g., images, sound, movies, Javascript, photographs and server-side technologies like PHP or ASP). Yes, you can use all the 'stuff' that as a designer you deem appropriate to your audience and message, and still have a site that is accessible, and passes 'Bobby' accessibility checks. However, what is required when using these technologies is a bit of clear thinking about what their purpose is on your site, and how, if the content is important, their functionality or message can be provided in alternative ways. For example, provide alt attributes and title tags for your images and photographs, ensure that your site still functions if the user browser doesn't support Javascript, provide captions or transcripts of your movies and sound. Admittedly it is not all easy, captioning of multimedia for instance is a specialist and difficult skill to master, but most accessibility techniques are not 'rocket science' and will actually add to the 'richness' of the experience for your visitors, rather than detract from it.Register for the weekly MCU accessible web design tip.
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Want to help a good cause?

INETA has recently launched a new program to let the community help with their great program. If you are a business or just interested in helping out a good cause then send them an email!

(from the INETA NORAM website:)

On June 1st INETA North America launched an extensive new Sponsorship Program aimed at raising funds to expand and improve services for our members. Over the past six months the INETA NorAm Sponsorship Team, led by Sponsorship Director Pat Tormey, has designed a great program with many options for sponsorship at a variety of levels. In the four years since our founding, INETA has grown tremendously and to deliver programs and services to our members requires substantial funding and volunteer time. During the past year the INETA NorAm Board of Directors has targeted key areas for expansion and growth to better serve our members. As part of that strategic analysis it became evident we needed to establish a substantial and diverse sponsor base.

The new Sponsorship Program consists of four main levels of sponsorship (Platinum, Gold, Silver, and Bronze) and a wide range of services from which a custom sponsorship program is designed for each sponsor. The services available to sponsors focus on INETA's key strength of providing the opportunity to reach a targeted audience of software developers focused on Microsoft technologies. 

If you are interested in learning more about INETA sponsorship programs, please email marketing@ineta.org.


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Innovation That Matters (From Rome)

RomeThe Business Leadership Forum was quite an experience and is hard to summarize. IBM did a good job of organizing it and everyone there appreciated it and learned a lot -- I certainly did. As with most conferences, a lot of the value was in talking to people at breaks. Dinner at the Vatican is next to impossible to describe. It was the proverbial "you had to be there" thing. Here are some of the key insights delivered by Sam and his speakers and panelists during the conference...


  • Innovation is essential and what the 21st century is all about
  • Change is faster and more disruptive than ever
  • Globalization is inevitable
  • Ubiquitous connectivity is breaking down physical borders and creating connections between people, economies, organizations and governments in ways that were never thought possible
  • Businesses need to cultivate their uniqueness
  • Businesses need to encourage employees to be multi-disciplined, collaborative, and global
  • Innovation that matters comes from seeing problems differently and adding value quicker than anyone else
  • Constant reorganization is futile but leaders must look at a company’s structure strategically, consider which pieces need to shift and then unfold change bit by bit
  • Technology plays a leading role in innovation, but it isn't the only factor
  • What were once disruptive technologies now are commodities
  • To innovate, CEO's don’t need to control all the resources or build within their own frameworks. They need to partner and collaborate
  • Governments can help spur innovation among the private sector
  • Governments must be more flexible to respond to today's business needs
  • Restrictive governments try to defend and preserve what has been achieved in the past, but if they rely only on the strength of their past, they put progress in peril
  • Governments need to open themselves to market and labor reforms to stay relevant and competitive in global markets
    Related links
    bullet Intro to Roman Rendezvous Stories
    bullet Index to Roman Rendezvous stories

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Web accessibility to become mandatory in Europe

A long-running discussion related to web accessibility is whether it should be required by law or not. Some believe it is the only way of making organisations ensure that their websites can be used by everybody, while others argue that it should be up to each organisation to decide.

My opinion is that for the private sector the 'let everybody decide for themselves' argument may have some validity, but only some. Public sector websites, however, must be accessible to all, regardless of which browsing device they use or if they have a disability.

That's why I find it very interesting that on 12 June 2006, ministers of 34 European countries endorsed A pan-European drive to use information and communication technologies to help people to overcome economic, social, educational, territorial or disability-related disadvantages.

Two of the targets of this Riga Ministerial Declaration are to ensure that all public websites are accessible by 2010 and by 2007, make recommendations on accessibility standards and common approaches, which could become mandatory in public procurement by 2010.

Very interesting, and about time. There is a related memo (Information and communication technology for an inclusive society -- Frequently asked questions) that mentions WAI, so WCAG will probably be used or referenced in some way.

The full press release is available online: Internet for all: EU ministers commit to an inclusive and barrier-free information society.

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IBM Alumni

Cactus

 

One of the many innovations Sam Palmisano has spearheaded at IBM is the idea of reaching out to "alumni". The first initiative was a few years ago when he started a semi-annual reception for executives and former executives of the company. That was just the beginning and now the idea of reaching out has been opened up big time. The number of past and present IBMers is probably close to a million people. Establishing communications with such a huge base can be nothing but a good thing for the company.

When I left engineering school and joined IBM in 1967, it was common to look for a job at a company and expect to stay there your entire career. Nobody thinks that way anymore. If you tell someone you were with a company for decades, they might ask "what's the matter, couldn't you find any other jobs?". Another change is in the old days if someone left the company they were considered a traitor and barred from coming back. Today, there are many executives that left the company at some point, got some experience at one or more other companies, and then brought that experience back into IBM.

The Internet has enabled everything to be connected to everything, so setting up a blog to "connect" past, present, (and maybe future) IBMers to each other and with the company seems like a very good idea. The The first step was the Google Group, the logical step two is the new Greater IBM blog. Over time other forms of web technology such as wikis, audio and video podcasts, instant messaging, and various mobile technologies will likely enter the mix.

The possibilities are endless -- collaboration on projects, personal networking for jobs and deals, referrals to and from IBM, and social networking for the fun of it. I look forward to being part of this as it evolves. Upon e-tirement in 2001 with nearly four decades at IBM, I don't really feel like I left anyway! Feel free to visit patrickWeb. There are a number of categories that I have been writing about for more than ten years. Things related to IBM are at this site, I am sure I will be writing about and linking to the Greater IBM blog as will others. Cross linking will increase the overall "connectedness". That's what the web is all about. I am really proud that IBM is taking the blogosphere so seriously.

Related links
bullet Greater IBM Blog

bullet Greater IBM on Google Groups
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Web Accessibility: Web Standards and Regulatory Compliance
  • cover of Web Accessibility: Web Standards and Regulatory Compliance

    That little mouthful is the full title of the latest book with my name on it. Published by Friends of Ed, it’s now gone to the printers and will be available sometime in July. I was extremely proud to be asked to contribute, as there are some real shining lights in the world of accessibility involved; how’s this for an awesome line up: Andrew Kirkpatrick, Christian Heilmann, Jim Thatcher, Cynthia Waddell, Michael R. Burks, Shawn Lawton Henry, Bruce Lawson, Mark Urban, Patrick H. Lauke and Gez Lemon (tech editing).

    As the subtitle implies, the book focusses on a web standards approach to accessibility, with chapters on HTML, Javascript and my chapter on CSS. But this is a practical book, and the web does not work on standards alone, so there are also excellent chapters on making Flash and PDF accessible, as well as details about assistive technologies. The issue of web accessibility in law and regulations is also of importance to many people. In my opinion this book covers these issues to the deepest, most pragmatic level I’ve yet seen. There was even time to squeeze in an appendix on PAS 78.

    Writing a chapter on ‘CSS for Accessible Web Pages’ was an interesting exercise in itself as it meant taking CSS in isolation. Some aspects are obvious – user style sheets for example. Others are less obvious such as discussion of highlighting areas of the page which have focus. I included a fairly deep discussion of image replacement techniques as these can be really problematic from an accessibility perspective. I also highlighted as many best practices as I could (for example including text colors with background colors) including a special section on zoom layouts.

    As you can tell I’m somewhat pleased with Web Accessibility: Web Standards and Regulatory Compliance and I’m really looking forward to seeing the final book. I know it will make a really useful addition to our shelves at Clearleft.

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Web Patterns: Q&A with John Allsopp
Following up on part one of the Design Patterns conversation, I recently had the pleasure of speaking with John Allsopp about Web patterns. John is the lead developer of the Style Master CSS Editor and founder of Webpatterns.org, a site focused on the intersection of design patterns and Web development. In John’s own words: “The purpose of identifying patterns is to use them in our work as designers, information architects, and developers.” We chatted about doing just that.

Q: You've pointed out that HTML has a long way to go to support the semantic structure Web developers and designers need to build today's generation of Web applications. As evidence you pointed to the myriad of CLASS and ID attributes in use across the Web. Are there any particular components or structures that really stand out as recurring needs that HTML is not addressing?

A: A combination of my -and others- empirical research as well as more qualitative research like that of François Briatte would suggest that to a significant extent, Web design is gravitating to a number of strong patterns, at least at the page and site architecture level.

Multi column layouts with headers and footers, breadcumb trails, tree-like page and site navigation, skip to content, search site boxes and other common elements recur frequently.

But, beneath this, at the level of the code, there is little if any consensus as to how these patterns should be coded, to the extent that in no case has a consensus emerged as to what to call these page components -as reflected in the various class and id values used to identify and classify them.

Now, in one sense, HTML addresses the need for all these components and structures, because they can be implemented with HTML and CSS. The question is should HTML provide any or all of these commonly used structures? I'd argue no. HTML is a low level language for creating more complex structures.

HTML also provides a generic mechanism for adding rich semantics to documents - the class and id attributes - which works in all browsers going back the best part of a decade. So HTML, in a sense, does address the need for these components and structures. It's really up to developers to form some kind of consensus regarding semantics and implementation of these components.

The key idea here is consensus. Individual approaches to rich HTML semantics are unlikely to gain widespread adoption. Projects like microformats show what a collaborative and cooperative approach can achieve. We need something similar which focuses on architectural semantics rather than data semantics, which is the prime focus of microformats.

Q: To what extent are these omissions tied to the fact that HTML is a mark-up for pages and, as a result, focuses on defining components like headings, paragraphs, lists, etc.? Surely this becomes problematic when building robust applications online that do a lot more than present information?

A: Certainly, the fact that HTML has its origins in analogues with the printed page means there is a tension between the kinds of patterns emerging that are unique to online use, and the built-in patterns of HTML -headings, paragraphs and so on.

Ideally, HTML would be a more generic language, with semantics added in specific domains -more like the XML model. But HTML is here to stay for a very, very long time. Fortunately, there are well-supported, non-hack mechanisms for extending its semantics -primarily id and class, but also the rel attribute.

So yes, the legacy of the printed page looms large with HTML, and potentially this causes difficulties when adapting its use to more sophisticated online applications than we typically saw over the first decade of the web. But HTML is also a reality we have to deal with for at least the best part of the coming decade.

Q: So what's the right way to address this lack of semantic definition present in HTML? Microformats? Shared CLASS and ID conventions? A user interface mark-up language like XUL?

A: Yes, Yes and Yes. In the near term, microformats (which rely heavily on id and class, as well as the rel attribute of link elements) illustrate a more general solution “for today’s web”. XUL (and XAML and XForms) point in the direction of potential future ways of building web-based user interfaces - declarative languages - but realistically, it will be the best part of a decade before these are widely supported.

Q: Seems like you've settled on patterns as a good way to build an extended Web vocabulary and your Pattern Quiz seems to be helping you work through that vision. What have you learned to date from the Pattern Quiz? What are the things folks seem to agree on and where has there been the most discussion or divergence?

A: Patterns are a widely used way of capturing problems and their potential solutions in a variety of fields, not least of all in many facets of IT.

In my discussions on this issue with many people over several years, it seems that when people initially think of ways of solving this problem of standardizing page and site architectures they think in terms of 'templates'. The idea being that if you can only capture the best possible solution for any given problem, then standardize its implementation, then everyone can use it and its a win for all.

What people soon realize, even in quite controlled environments like a single organization, is that a one size fits all approach doesn't work, it is far too inflexible - so people customize, 'polluting' the one true solution, and you quickly return to the chaos you had earlier. Patterns offer far more flexibility, and as a result, potentially a workable way of solving the problem.

The idea behind pattern quiz was to get people to start thinking about what they do in terms of patterns in a more formal way. The weakness of most pattern language approaches to web development I've seen so far is that they are idiosyncratic - they rely on the work of an individual or small number of people, often in a close knit team. In this context it is reasonably easy to see consensus and a common way of working. This doesn't necessarily scale.

For standardization to work, it needs to work across the web of developers more generally. So pattern quiz was also an attempt to glean how this broader web of developers thinks about the common problems they are solving.

The quiz has not progressed as far as I would have hoped, which is largely my responsibility. My daughter was born shortly after the quiz started, somewhat curtailing my ability to keep several balls in the air at once. But one thing that did emerge was that people commonly think in terms of content, when it comes to patterns.

For example, when asked to classify the kinds of sites people could think of, I was thinking in terms of 'blog', 'search engine' 'portal' and so on (largely content neutral), whereas many people suggested sites for a band, or a gallery or a bank (which to my mind could use different patterns to solve their problems - a band site could be a blog, or a more traditional static site, and so on.)

Another thing that emerged was a not uncommon attitude that by codifying patterns, somehow a developer's creativity would be stifled. This is an argument I hear commonly against the adoption of web standards. In the case of patterns, it comes in part from a misunderstanding of what a pattern is supposed to do. I put this misunderstanding down in large part to my inability to articulate what a patterns is and how it is useful more clearly.

Patterns are not supposed to dictate solutions, or suggest 'one true way' of solving a problem. Rather, in Alexander's famous formulation a pattern 'describes a problem which occurs over and over again ... and then describes the core of the solution to that problem, in such a way that you can use this solution a million times over, without ever doing it the same way twice '.

But hopefully we'll learn a lot more in the coming months and more.

Q: How about flexibility? Have you found patterns to be flexible enough to accommodate the rate of change in typical Web applications?

A: To tell the truth I don't know. Patterns are meant to capture emergent behavior - not possible or tentative solutions, but problems which developers actually face, and the core of a solution to those problems.

So in theory, and I guess the longevity of patterns in other fields suggests that in practice, a pattern language approach does have the ability to adapt to the changing problems and solutions a profession encounters in its practice.

Q: Jenifer Tidwell has argued that we shouldn't tie design patterns to any particular technology or code-base:

'I worry about the longevity of technology-specific patterns. If patterns are closely tied to current technology, won’t they become obsolete really quickly?'

You've taken steps to ensure integration between Web patterns and semantic mark-up. What's the life cycle of a system like this? How long can it stay relevant?

A: I think that is a really good question, with a number of dimensions.

Firstly, if a particular methodology, like a pattern language, is going to be widely useful then it needs to be widely adopted. Wide adoption requires wide understanding of the methodology and its benefits. Technology neutral methodologies are a very hard sell, because in my experience as an educator, many people learn through concrete examples within a problem domain they understand. Hence 'Web Patterns' focusing on patterns in the sphere of web development.

But there are two not so theoretical reasons why I think patterns are probably to a reasonable extent technology specific. As mentioned earlier, patterns capture problems and their solutions in a specific domain.

Patterns become obsolete when the problems they capture aren't problems anymore. For example, having a low resolution and high resolution image for fast loading slow connection pages isn't really a problem so much any more, so the pattern is obsolete.

The second thing is that patterns are not theories or conjectures - they are actual problems and their solutions. Right now, HTML and CSS are more or less the only technologies relevant to solving web problems when developing for the web. S its inevitable they ill be to an extent technology specific.

The Web Patterns project is designed to capture patterns associated with designing and developing for the web. But the association between the technologies, of say, HTML, CSS and Javascript and web patterns is not hard and fast. Right now, by and large, these technologies provide pretty much the only widespread way of implementing solutions on the web (Flash to a lesser extent, and perhaps increasingly SVG will also become a relevant technology in the near term).

Above all, I think it’s a matter of giving it a go, then seeing what happens. Pattern languages have proven very useful in a number of domains. I have a gut feeling they'll also prove useful on the web. But I think in order for them to do so, any such project or projects need to be well explained, and have broad developer buy in.

Thanks John!

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Business Leadership Forum - 1

Roman orator

The shuttle buses dropped us off and we walked a few hundred feet through a large courtyard to the Auditorium Parco della Musica. It is quite an impressive place and of the thousands of "auditoriums" in the world, only this one has the url of http://www.auditorium.com. The "city of music" lies outside of Rome's densely-packed historic center where such a facility could never have been built. Four hundred trees surround the beautiful buildings where 3,000 spectators can enjoy concerts of all kinds -- from classical to jazz and rock.

IBM hosted it's fourth Business Leadership Forum at "the auditorium" earlier this month, and it was attended by several hundred of "the world's leading thinkers from across business, industry, government and academia", representing more than 50 countries. The forum facilitated two days of discussion about innovation and the challenges facing businesses in the 21st century.

IBM Chairman and CEO Sam Palmisano kicked off the meeting by saying that innovation is not optional for the leading institutions of the world -- businesses, schools, hospitals, and governments. "The bottom line of all this is that innovation is really a 'must do' unless we want to live in an environment that's commoditized and not unique, not differentiated". Sam's point was that if organizations focus only on taking out costs, they will be doomed with very low profits if not extinction. Everyone agrees that Innovation starts at the top and Sam practices what he preaches -- not just by innovating in technologies (IBM turning out more patents year after year than any company in the world), but by innovating in strategies and business models. For example, it was Sam who led the charge to transform IBM from a hardware company to a hardware, software and services company. Especially the latter, when he acquired Price Waterhouse Consulting and smoothly integrated it into the IBM portfolio of services. He also led the sale of the PC business. Some people viewed it as simply a "sale" but in reality it was a highly innovative change to the IBM business model -- selling off a low margin business but retaining the services aspect of it and at the same time gaining a stronger foothold in the Chinese market opportunity.

Note: See BusinessWeek's story about The World's Most Innovative Companies.

Sam then introduced Lord Brown, group chief executive at bp. The company had more than $20billion in profits for 2005 and is moving to even bigger numbers in 2006. Lord Brown described many innovative aspects of the company but I was most impressed with how they are using computer simulation to continuously increase the amount of oil they are able to extract from their drillings. He also described ambitious goals to put the hydrocarbon pollutants that come out with the oil back into where the oil was extracted, thereby reducing global pollution.

At the end of day we all got back in the shuttles to head to the Vatican.

Related links
bullet Intro to Roman Rendezvous Stories
bullet Index to Roman Rendezvous stories


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Scottish Arts Marketers' Forum: accessible web design
Last Thursday I lead a 'round table discussion session' on accessible web design for the Scottish Arts Council Marketers' Forum. It was an enjoyable experience - here are some of the issues that came up and brief versions of my answers.How do blind people surf the web? What should we be aware off when designing for someone who is blind?Many blind people, and people with low vision use a 'screen reader' which 'reads out' (i.e. turns into audio) the text on a web page. This has implications for making a site accessible to someone who is blind:Pictures can't be 'read' - so labels have to be added to the pictures to indicate their purpose or the content they contain. There also needs to be alternative ways to access the information contained in all non-text elements such as videos, or animations, e.g. a transcript or captions could be provided along with a video.Having information read out - is a 'linear' experience - generally screen readers will start to read from the top left of the page and work their way down. Depending on how the site is designed it can either be a long and tedious experience, or one that is a pleasure to a blind person because it either ignores or takes into account how screen readers work. For example, if the first section on each web page is the navigation bar, and the navigation contains 100 links, then the screen reader has to read out those 100 links before getting to the content of the page. There are many ways of getting around this problem; one would be to put the content first on the page and the navigation second, another would be to provide a way of 'jumping over' the navigation bar straight to the content.The arts community needs aesthetically pleasing websites - do accessible websites need to be just text and therefore look boring?The idea that accessible websites need to be text-only is a myth; most of the changes required to make a website accessible do not affect the visual appearance of the site. Whether the site is aesthetically pleasing or not, is not related to how accessible it is - it is related to the talents of the web designer, and how well the designer and the client have thought about the goals of the site. An awareness of accessibility issues can however lead to changes that improve the usability of the site for everyone.For many people a site which contains pictures, animations, sound and video will be more accessible than one that contains only text. Using different communication mediums means offering more choice to the visitor to the site - and that can only be a good thing. Well designer, good looking websites, that make good use of multimedia technologies offer a richer experience to the visitor - however as mentioned earlier provide alternative ways of accessing information within non-text content.Mostly arts related organisations do not have a lot of money - is it more expensive to build an accessible web design?I am not aware of any research that shows whether or not it is more expensive to build an accessible website. Testimony be web design experts during the legal proceedings in Australia (when an individual took the Olympic Organising Committe to court because their site was not accessible), estimated that the cost of building an accessible website adds 2% to the budget of the site.In the medium to longer term the support costs for an accessible website are lower. For one thing, there will be less e-mails and support calls from people who can't access the information on your site. Creating an accessible website helps the designer to think about important aspects of the site such as how the content of pages are structured, and how logically the navigation of the site is organised; getting these aspects right early in the design process will make the site easier and cheaper (certainly in terms of time) to manage in the long term.Some aspects of making a site accessible will be expensive if they requires specialist knowledge, such as adding captions to video, or creating content in several languages. Making a site accessible 'retrospectively' tends to be more expensive than creating an accessible website from scratch.We don't want to discriminate against people with colour blindness, are there any colours should be avoided?First, ensure that you don't design your site in a way that means visitors cannot change the colours to suite their own needs. Second be aware that 15% of men have some form of colour blindness (only .4% of women); the most common combinations of colours that can cause problems are red/green (remember red berries on a tree with green leaves) and yellow/blue (remember the swedish flag or yellow daffodils against a blue sky). Using these colours on their own is generally not a problem, it is only when they are used as in conjunction with one another that problems of contrast occur, e.g. red text on a green backgound; both may look like grey to someone who has colour blindness.
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Update on Tools, Environment, VSTS on Our Agile Project

The single biggest item of feedback on the blog is everyone wanted to see more Agile posts from my personal day to day experience. I had written about the tools and technologies back in this post and several have inquired about Team System. We are using Visual Studio Team Software Architect Edition as our IDE. There are editions of VSTS Team Developer (8) and Team Test (2 for QA) on order. Although we are using VSTS/VS2005 as our IDE, that is as far as we are going right now. We still find that NUnit is vastly more flexible, agile and useful at this point than the unit test features in VSTS. We are using the Refactoring features in the C# edition all throughout the team except me, where I use the vastly superior Code Rush/Refactor! Pro. We are still using CruiseControl.NET as our CI environment and just returned to producing Click-Once published integrated builds (We have a Smart Client). We were using NANT as the build language but just this week switched to using the new CC.NET 1.0 MSBUILD task. We are now making MSBUILD as our standard build language throughout for future migration to TFS, as well as enjoying its power and flexibility. We are encountering more issues with VS2005 than I ever did in the long beta with IDE lock-ups and bizarre things although it tends to be more useful than VS2003.

In a bizarre Microsoft rendition of MSF-Agile and the VSTS Team Architect, that Architect product does NOT include the ability to write unit tests and the testing features that Team Test and Team Developer editions have!! I believe this is because Microsoft still does understand Agile and they still have these bizarre notions that Architects don't code (I have seen some of this in a mailing list that I belong to as an Architect MVP). As a full Architect on my team (I'm also the “Lead” now too), I practice Just-In-Time Architecture, Agile Modeling, and Agile Architect as well as Code is Model but I code every day just as much as any other member on my team. In fact, I pair every day and write code just as much as any member on the team. My whole team contributes to architecture, not just me, because I value each and every one of them in their ability to contribute. In that regard we use White-boards as our main “Architectural” tool. Not only is this better, but the Whitehorse designers don't do much for me yet as they do not support Indigo until the Orcas time-frame. I believe in Agile Modeling and that all such artifacts must be useful rather than just checking off some item on a checklist. In that regard, Code Is Model, and Whitehorse show promise as the SDM model allows the model to be the code and vise versa but we need Orcas-).

Not only are the testing facilities not available in Team Architect, but we are still finding that NUnit is far superior, more flexible and agile and run from our CC.NET build. At this point, we are still evaluating a TFS roll-out for Work Item Tracking and replacing Source Unsafe. We  are currently tracking work items on Flex Wiki. We are not seeing any benefits otherwise as our process is heavily XP rather than the “Agile” and using all the practices of it. This may change as we roll out a test TFS server someday. We are just finishing our 11th 3-week Iteration. The last two have been dramatically better in the team members adoption of Refactoring, TDD, Collective Code Ownership and especially their estimates. Our War Room has gotten a lot bigger and we now have 10 people sitting together. We are also getting better at our use of FIT and it's opening conversations between Business and Development.  I am also using Vista as my main dev machine but that's a whole another post-).      


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Internet TV

CactusTechnology writer, Peter Svensson, wrote an interesting story called "Will video break the Internet?". From a technical point of view there are many factors to consider. If a large number of web "surfers" were using the Internet as their primary way to watch TV, there would be a problem. More capacity is clearly needed, especially as HD-TV becomes more prevalent. The pessimists -- and some telecommunications operators -- see rising fees to pay for the bandwidth expansion. Optimists know that various technologies such as multicasting, caching, digital video recorders, etc. are dramatically improving the Net's ability to deliver video content and in parallel the cost per unit of technology continues to decline. History would suggest the optimistic view is the right one.

During the 1996 Olympic Games in Atlanta there was a bomb blast. Native Atlanta ex-patriots living in Japan and Germany and other parts of the world wanted to get as much news coverage as possible about the status but had few choices (there were no blogs then). The Internet Technology team at IBM in Southbury, Connecticut was running a large web infrastructure for the Games at the time and one of the engineers, Andy Stanford-Clark, got the idea to "stream" a local Atlanta radio station over the Internet using an IBM technology called Bamba. It was a very successful project but only a handful of people could listen simultaneously due to the limitations of the technology and the Internet. Some people thought that if there were large numbers of listeners "audio would break the Internet". Today millions of people consider audio over the Net as commonplace. (Listening to crystal clear classical music from KUSC-FM in Los Angeles through my Sqeezebox as I write this). Based on the tens of millions of daily visitors to YouTube, it is clear that video has also become commonplace. Another leading indicator is what is happening on campus. A number of universities have decided to use the Internet to deliver cable TV to their dormitories.

One of the issues Mr. Svensson raised in his story is "net neutrality", a term that means different things to different people. The fear is that the really large telecommunications companies that provide parts of the "backbone" of the Internet may decide to not only raise fees but also to be discriminatory. In the extreme it would mean that Verizon would block access to Google because they made a deal with Yahoo! or visa versa. The telcos have never been successful in getting into the content business so a new angle for them might be to make deals with content providers that would make their video move through the Internet backbone at a higher priority in return for fees. These fears have gotten the attention of lawmakers who are now talking about legislation to insure net neutrality. Legislation is the worst possible way to address the issue.

What is really needed is more competition. In Japan, the Internet service available to consumers is significantly faster than in the U.S. and significantly less expensive. For example, Yahoo! Broadband offers 8 million bits per second for about $20 per month. Up to 100 million bits per second is available. What technical breakthrough have they had? None. The breakthrough was to separate the various infrastructure elements of Internet service and allow "Adam Smith's invisible hand" to go to work. More competition means higher speeds and lower prices. In the U.S. we have legions of lawyers and lobbyists at work doing their best to gain protections for themselves and to slow the spread of innovation such as municipal wireless and voice over IP. Will video break the Internet? No. The biggest threat to freedom of choice for content at competitive prices is a lack of competition.

Misguided or overly-prescriptive legislation can have unintended consequences. It can often fix one problem and create two new ones or add yet another layer of protectionism. Mike Nelson, former Director for Technology Policy at the Federal Communications Commission (and former colleague at IBM), says "a lack of competition which lets companies exert monopoly or duopoly power is probably the biggest damper on innovation". Not all legislation is bad. It is possible to use it to increase competition and decrease regulation, to fund e-government pilot projects, "connect the unconnected," or fund university education and research.

Related links
bullet Other patrickWeb stories about Internet Technology

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Language parsing and compiler design doesn't have to be hard, but boy this book really sucks!

How'd you like that for an opening title? Did it grab your attention? Hell, your reading this far so I guess it did. The book I'm focusing on here is Build Your Own .NET Language and Compiler and please, don't click the link and then go buy it. I don't care about the 50 cents worth of referral money I'll get if you do. I wouldn't even recommend the book if I got 50 bucks of referral money (well, money talks, so maybe I would).

The book starts out with the basics of parsing and regular expressions and all that jazz. But the extent of the code is a bunch of screen shots. We are writing a parser/compiler dang it, we aren't WYSIWYGing our way through life at this point, you have to show some real frigin code. What you end up with is a bunch of screen shots of many tools for writing a compiler, but not really the code, unless of course you go grab the CD and break through all of the code without a lick of explanation from the book. God I hope the code is well documented with comments, or you just bought an issue of Compiler's Illustrated and this isn't the Swimsuit edition. I'll include some of my own links at the bottom, where I give actual code for many of these processes.

OK, so you get to see a bunch of tools, and what do you get? Well, you get a bunch of half-assed tools (sorry for the language if your kid is reading my highly technical blog... In fact, if he/she is I could use some interns, must type 50+ WPM and be proficient at C, C++, or C#). A mathematical expression evaluator is the first. I think it is always the first. People always trivialize math. So make sure you look at all the pretty pictures and try to glean some wisdom from the text. I have a mathematical expression evaluator by the way, it's called calc.exe and from what I can tell it has shipped since 16-bit windows. He also makes an attempt at a regular expression workbench. You can't have enough of those (actually I'm not being sarcastic here, I always appreciate a new regex tool), but then he never writes anything or demonstrates compiler technology that uses regular expressions. Does he go into NFA/DFA technology? Well, he does talk about it for a few sentences. BNF format? Again a few sentences here and there. But wait, another tool is what you get and this time it is a picture of a drop-down menu with all sorts of really tantalizing names (convert from BNF to XML, display a BNF parse tree, display formatted docs, etc...). At this point use one of the pages to catch the drool coming off your lip, because that is as close as you'll get in this book to anything cool.

OK, so forget the tools. At some point he actually starts talking about real compiler technology. I think around chapter 7 maybe? I really should dig up the TOC on Amazon, but I'm only going to waste enough time on this book to finish this posting. Anyway, they start talking about the various parsing techniques. Recursive descent (RD), Top-Down, Bottom-Up... I think there are some other odd names they throw in there to mystify the reader. After reading all of the major compiler design books I shouldn't be mystified by something that could classify as a 4 Dummies book (unless it is something like Cross Dressing 4 Dummies, I could probably use that after my Halloween party)...  Anyway, they really don't do the entire process justice, and I think at some point some more tools are used, Yacc might be mentioned, and bam, back to the pictures.

At this point I want to identify the worst problem I found throughout the entire book. Apparently the author didn't have time to finish the code so they left a bunch of exercises for the reader. Nah, nah... You don't leave the compiler as an exercise in a book on how to write a compiler. You leave bits and pieces, but not the important stuff. Going through my Knuth books, I'm actually surprised when he leaves problems as exercises that require more know-how than what has been provided in the chapter. I don't mind exercises for the reader, but there is a limit people. Imagine getting back from Home Depot with a 300 page picture book on building a house, that had a bunch of pictures of completed homes, and some text offering that the building of the house will be left as an exercise for the reader. Doh!

At the end of the book, it is apparent I'm not going to get anything of use and then it starts talking about code generation. Oooh, something with some meat. In reality, they've been naming their nodes for the calculator in such a way that the name of the node was pretty much the name of the op code that was going to be called. They may have some Quick Basic implementation code spits as well, but I'm confused at this point (and mystified) because I've been thumbing this book for an hour. In reality the act of spitting IL is probably worth an entire book of it's own (oh wait it is Inside Microsoft .NET IL Assembler and you really should buy this one so I get 50 cents). That isn't fair because that book is actually how IL functions and not how to spit it. But I'd think one does precede the other since eventually your going to run out of node names to match to IL op-codes and when opComplexOperation isn't mirrored by OpCodes.ComplexOperation I just don't know what you'll do.

How fair of a review is this? Well, I've read actual compiler books, quite a few of them. I've implemented my own parsers and compilers many times for many different circumstances. I don't think it is a hard process and I think extending the process to a more general development audience is important. There should be a relatively accessible book on writing your own .NET languages, but this book is certainly not it. I'll keep looking around, I hear there is another book focused on .NET language generation and I'll have to search it out. Maybe an O'Reilly publication? Can you get an accurate review from something in about an hour's time? Well, I read fast, the words were quite large, most of the content was entirely familiar and only about 30% of the page material was text, so I'd hope so. Take this for what it is worth, but if I see any referral money for that book, I'll know someone is going to be laughing hysterically when they get that book in a 2-3 days from Amazon. PS: I didn't and won't buy the book. I spent a couple of hours at Borders today running through two books that caught my eye when I was really looking for a great .NET Localization book. I need to dig up Michael Kaplan, since I'm sure he has written something somewhere.

Lexer/Parser/Compiler  Code and articles for different types of parsers
Lexer, Parser, Compiler, Oh My!  Postings, with code, on even more lexer/parser stuff
ftp://ftp.cs.vu.nl/pub/dick/PTAPG/BookBody.pdf A more hard-core text on parser technologies

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Something I <font color = 'red'>Can</font> get Excited About:
Rep. Kucinich: Why I'm running for President
By Joshua Scheer

The six-term Ohio congressman and 2004 presidential candidate, who has been one of Congress' most vocal and longstanding opponents of the Iraq war, tells Truthdig why he again has his sights set on the Oval Office:
Rep. Kucinch spoke with Truthdig research editor Joshua Scheer*.

TRUTHDIG: What made you decide to run?
KUCINICH: Someone has to rally the American people, to let them know that the money is there right now to bring our troops home. Democrats were put in power in November to chart a new direction in Iraq. It's inconceivable that having been given the constitutional responsibility to guide the fortunes of America in a new direction, that Democratic leaders would respond by supporting the administration's call for up to $160 billion in new funding for the war in Iraq.

For me this is a call of conscience to stand up and speak out about what's going on-to let the American people know that the money is there to bring our troops home now, that we need to begin now to take a new direction in Iraq, and that to pass a supplemental in the spring for another $160 billion would keep the war going until the end of George Bush's term. Someone needs to stand up and speak out, and I decided it was my responsibility as the person who has been consistently opposed to this war since its inception, who has been a leader in challenging this thinking that led to war, that I would stand up and rally Democrats to change the course that the party has embarked on with respect to continued funding of the war.

TRUTHDIG: This is obviously your major issue, but what other issues are you going to base your campaign on?

KUCINICH: We have to take these things in sequence. From now until the spring, this is the issue: $160 billion is more than three times what the federal education budget is. This is a huge amount of money, and all the other hopes we have as Democrats to create a new agenda for the American people in housing, in healthcare, in education, are going to be destroyed by the administration's request for $160 billion.

So does that mean I'm a one-issue candidate? Of course not. I'm prepared to lead this country forward to create a universal, single-payer, not-for-profit healthcare system. I'm prepared to lead the way towards policies of environmental sustainability, to develop advanced technologies for alternative energy, for clean energy.

This campaign is about three imperatives: It's about the imperative of human unity, of recognizing that this is one world, that we are all one, that people all around the world have an underlying connection, that we are interconnected and interdependent. And we need policies that act that interconnection. We need to affirm institutions which support the idea of human unity. And that means that we support the United Nations. It means we support treaties in working with other countries. It means we support the rule of law internationally.

The second imperative is human security, and that security has to deal with basic needs: Each person in the world has a right to survive, a right to
food that is fit to eat, and water fit to drink, and air fit to breathe. Each person has a right to a roof over his or her own head. Each person has a right to have clothes on their back. Each person has a right to some means of being able to make a living. Each person has a right to be free of the fear of violence. We have a responsibility to work to secure the world from a nuclear nightmare. We need to look at what we can do to protect peoples everywhere by working for not just nonproliferation, not just disarmament, but nuclear abolition, which in fact was the promise of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty.

The third imperative I'll discuss in this campaign is the imperative of peace. There are those who believe that war is inevitable. A belief in the inevitability of war makes war a self-fulfilling prophecy. We need to be convinced in our innate capability to create structures for peace in our society. We need to be convinced of our potential as a nation to make nonviolence an operating principle in our society. This is the motivating reason behind a Cabinet-level Department of Peace, which addresses directly, in a practical way, the challenge of domestic violence, spousal abuse, child abuse, violence in the school, racial violence, violence against gays,
community relations disputes.

The imperatives of human unity, human security, peace, all create a context for human prosperity. We have the potential to create heaven on earth. New Jerusalem is within our reach. It's waiting to be called forward through the power of courage, emanating through our hearts, through our dreams, which come from the longing of our souls. This truly is a time where we can change the world and create the world that we long for.

TRUTHDIG: You obviously have issues that you care deeply about, and it doesn't
seem like you're going into this as a sort of popularity contest, but do you think you can win? Do you have a plan to win, say, the South, and parts of the Midwest?

KUCINICH: Yes. The very fact the people put Democrats in power in November over the issue of Iraq means that there exists a tremendous amount of support for affirming the will of the people to set a new course, not only for Iraq but for all of U.S. international policy. That percolation, which resulted in the Democrats gaining control of Congress, is still there. It is fairly astonishing that Democrat leaders would forget that only a month ago we were given the control of the Congress because of Iraq. It is fairly astonishing that less than a month after being given that constitutional obligation to assume a coequal position in the government, [we] would
capitulate on Iraq by publicly declaring support for up to $160 billion in additional funding to keep the war going.

I've said it before, I've said it again: It is not credible to simultaneously say you are opposed to the war and continue to support funding for the war.

So these are some of the reasons why I'm running for president. And I believe that I will win, because people are truly looking for a new direction. Not by incrementalism, not by capitulation, but people are looking for real leadership, people are looking for foresight. And I've demonstrated foresight by moving out front very quickly when the administration was talking about attacking Iraq-warning the country that this was folly, warning the country that we needed to avert this conflict, letting Americans know that there was no connection between Saddam Hussein
and 9/11 or Al Qaeda's role in 9/11, that Iraq did not have WMD, did not have the intention or capability of attacking the United States.

Everything I said turned out to be true. People want leaders who know what the right thing is to do in the moment of crisis, not people who will say, years later, 'Well, you know, I agree, this is what should have been done.' This is a call for clearsightedness for foresight and for action, and in each case I've demonstrated an ability to step forward. And I'm going to do it again, and I expect that the American people are going to respond very powerfully to my candidacy.

TRUTHDIG: John Kerry got tarred with the 'flip-flopper' label in 2004 for his perceived wavering on the issue of Iraq. Do you think you're going to have a better chance than someone like Kerry-or Clinton, who's also been wishy-washy on some of the issues?

KUCINICH: I haven't talked about any other candidates, and I'm not going to now. I think that my consistency speaks for itself, and I think that my opposition not only to the authorization for the war but continued opposition to its funding puts me apart from all the other candidates. I'm the only member of the House and Senate who has consistently voted against continued funding for the war.

TRUTHDIG: I saw Stephen Hesse of the Brookings Institute on CNN saying that candidacies like yours are just an ego trip. Is this an ego trip for you?

KUCINICH: I've spent the last five years of my life warning our nation about the path to war and about our occupation of Iraq. There are probably easier ways to pamper oneself.


*Truthdig interviewer Joshua Scheer worked as an entry-level staffer on Kucinich's state Senate campaign and was later a summer associate in his congressional office. In this weekly interview series, Rep. Kucinich gives his take on the goings-on in Congress in the wake of the Democrats' victory.

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